Signal & Syntax · Email deliverability

What Is SMTP?

SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) is how mail servers send email to each other. RFC 5321 defines SMTP.

Also calledSimple Mail Transfer Protocol

Example

RCPT TO:<sofia.marin@acmecorp.com> 250 2.1.5 OK

SMTP in Practice

A sending server connects to the recipient's MX host and opens an SMTP conversation. The receiving server answers each command with a three-digit status code. RCPT TO is the command naming the mailbox. The reply to RCPT TO carries the verdict a verification check reads.

Where ScoreMachine Fits

score.email.validation
smtp_status_codesmtp_provider

smtp_status_code returns the code the receiving server gave.

Related Terms

SMTP status codes SMTP status codes are three-digit mail server replies. MX record An MX (mail exchanger) record is the DNS entry naming a domain's mail servers. Hard bounce A hard bounce is a permanent email delivery failure. Soft bounce A soft bounce is a temporary email delivery failure.

Read the Guide

Guide

MX Records, SMTP Codes and Bounces Explained

How an email finds a mailbox, and how the server answers. Read the guide →

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